Waxaa jira injineero badan oo aan khibrad u lahayn warshadaha elektiroonigga ah.Looxyada PCB ee nashqadeeyay inta badan waxay leeyihiin dhibaatooyin kala duwan iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay iska indha-tirka jeegaga gaarka ah ee marxaladda dambe ee naqshadeynta, sida balaadhka laynka oo aan ku filnayn, qaybta calaamadda xariirta daabacaadda daloolka, godka aad ugu dhow, siddooyinka calaamadaha, iwm. , Dhibaatooyinka korantada ama dhibaatooyinka habsocodka ayaa la keenaa, iyo xaaladaha halista ah, guddiga ayaa u baahan in dib loo daabaco, taasoo keenta qashin.Mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee marxaladda dambe ee naqshadaynta PCB waa kormeer.
Waxaa jira tafaasiil badan oo ku jira jeeggii ka dib ee naqshadaynta guddiga PCB:
1. Baakadaha qaybaha
(1) Fogaanshaha suufka
Haddii ay tahay qalab cusub, waa in aad sawirtaa xidhmada ka kooban laf ahaantaada si aad u hubiso kala fogaanshiyaha saxda ah.Kala fogaanshaha suufka ayaa si toos ah u saameeya alxanka qaybaha.
(2) Iyadoo loo marayo cabbirka (haddii ay jirto)
Aaladaha fur-gelinta, cabbirka daloolku waa inuu lahaadaa xad ku filan, guud ahaanna waa ku habboon tahay in la kaydiyo wax aan ka yarayn 0.2mm.
(3) Sharax daabacaadda shaashadda xariirta
Daabacaadda shaashadda ee qalabku way ka fiican tahay cabbirka dhabta ah si loo hubiyo in qalabka si habsami leh loogu rakibo.
2. Qaabaynta guddiga PCB
(1) IC waa inaysan u dhowaan cidhifka guddiga.
(2) Qalab isku wareeg ah oo isku mid ah waa in la dhigaa meel u dhow midba midka kale
Tusaale ahaan, capacitor decoupling waa in uu ahaado mid u dhow biinka korontada ee IC, iyo qalabyada ka kooban wareegga shaqada waa in lagu dhejiyaa hal meel marka hore, oo leh lakabyo cad si loo hubiyo xaqiijinta shaqada.
(3) Diyaarso booska godka si waafaqsan rakibidda dhabta ah
Saldhigyada ayaa dhamaantood loo horseeday modules kale.Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka dhabta ah, si ay ugu habboonaato rakibaadda, mabda'a u dhawaanshaha ayaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu habeeyo booska godka, guud ahaanna waxay ku dhowdahay cidhifka guddiga.
(4) U fiirso jihada godka
Saldhigyadu dhamaantood waa jihada, haddii jihada la rogo, siliga waa in la habeeyaa.Saldhigyada fidsan ee fidsan, jihada godku waa in ay ahaataa dhinaca bannaanka ee looxa.
(5) Waa inaysan jirin qalab ku yaal aagga Keep Out
(6) Isha faragelinta waa in laga fogeeyaa wareegyada xasaasiga ah
Calaamadaha xawaaraha sarreeya, saacadaha xawaaraha sare ama calaamadaha beddelka-sare ee hadda waa dhammaan ilaha faragelinta waana in laga fogaadaa wareegyada xasaasiga ah, sida wareegyada dib u habeynta iyo wareegyada analoogga ah.Dabaqyada waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu kala saaro.
3. Xargaha guddiga PCB
(1) Cabbirka ballaca laynka
Balaadhka xariiqda waa in lagu doortaa iyadoo loo eegayo habka iyo awoodda qaadida hadda.Ballaca xariiqda yar kama yaraan karo ballaca xariiqda yar ee soo saaraha guddiga PCB.Isla mar ahaantaana, awoodda qaadista hadda waa la dammaanad qaaday, iyo ballaca xariiqda ku habboon ayaa guud ahaan lagu doortaa 1mm/A.
(2) Xariiqda calaamadaha kala duwan
Khadadka kala duwan sida USB iyo Ethernet, ogow in raadadku ay noqdaan kuwo dhererkoodu le'eg yahay, barbar socda, isla markaana saaran diyaarad isku mid ah, kala fogaanshiyahana waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa xannibaadda.
(3) Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo jidka soo noqoshada ee xariiqyada xawaaraha sare leh
Xadhkaha xawaaraha sare leh waxay u nugul yihiin inay dhaliyaan shucaaca korantada.Haddii aagga uu sameeyay dariiqa dariiqa iyo dariiqa soo laabashadu uu aad u weyn yahay, waxaa la samayn doonaa gariirad hal-rogasho ah si ay u iftiimiso faragelinta elektromagnetic, sida ku cad sawirka 1. Sidaa darteed, marka aad marinayso, u fiirso jidka soo noqoshada ee ku xigta.Boodhka lakabka badan ayaa la bixiyaa lakabka korantada iyo diyaaradda dhulka, taas oo si wax ku ool ah u xallin karta dhibaatadan.
(4) Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo khadka signalka analoogga
Xariiqda signalka analooga ah waa in laga soocaa calaamadda dhijitaalka ah, waana in laga fogaadaa fiilooyinka ilaa inta suurtogalka ah ee isha faragelinta (sida saacada, sahayda korantada DC-DC), fiilooyinka waa in ay noqdaan kuwo gaaban intii suurtagal ah.
4. Waafaqsanaanta Electromagnetic (EMC) iyo hufnaanta calaamada guddiyada PCB
(1) Iska caabbinta joojinta
Xadadka xawaaraha sare leh ama xadhkaha signalada dhijitaalka ah ee leh soo noqnoqoshada sare iyo raadadka dhaadheer, waxa fiican in la dhigo iska caabin u dhigma oo taxane ah dhamaadka.
(2) Xariiqda calaamadda wax gelinta waxay ku xiran tahay isbarbardhig koronto yar
Way fiicantahay in la isku xidho gelinta khadka signalka ka is-dhexgalka u dhow interface-ka oo lagu xiro capacitor yar oo picofarad ah.Cabbirka capacitor-ka waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa iyadoo loo eegayo xoogga iyo inta jeer ee calaamaduhu, waana inuusan noqon mid aad u weyn, haddii kale daacadnimada calaamadda ayaa saameyn doonta.Calaamadaha soo gelinta xawaaraha hooseeya, sida gelinta muhiimka ah, capacitor yar oo 330pF ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa, sida ku cad sawirka 2.
Jaantus 2: PCB board design_input line signal ku xiran capacitor yar
Jaantus 2: PCB board design_input line signal ku xiran capacitor yar
(3) Karti wadista
Tusaale ahaan, calaamadda beddelka ee leh xawaare weyn oo wadista waxa wadi kara saddex geesood;baska leh tiro badan oo taageere-bixiye ah, kayd ayaa lagu dari karaa.
5. Daabacaadda shaashadda ee guddiga PCB
(1) Magaca guddiga, waqtiga, lambarka PN
(2) Calaamadaynta
Calaamadee biinanka ama calaamadaha muhiimka ah ee is-dhexgalyada qaar (sida arrays).
(3) Summada qaybaha
Calaamadaha qaybaha waa in lagu dhejiyaa boosaska ku habboon, iyo calaamadaha cufan ayaa loo dhigi karaa kooxo.Ka taxaddar inaadan dhigin booska marinka.
6. Calaamadee barta PCB ee guddiga
Looxyada PCB ee u baahan iibinta mishiinka, laba ilaa saddex dhibcood ayaa loo baahan yahay in lagu daro.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-11-2022